Skip to content

Early Hick Lexicon — alphabetical (page 5 of 6)

nai /nai/
mother (noun) [Kinship Terms]
mother (noun) [Kinship Terms]
mother (noun) [Kinship Terms]
mother (noun) [Kinship Terms]
Proto-Hick *nahi
natlas /nat.las/
friend (noun) [Person Terms, Social Terms]
Shows cluster simplification and case lexicalization. From 'one in a state of desire/affection' to 'friend'
pak /pak/
poke (noun) [Tool Terms, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *paku
paket /pa.ket/
talk (noun) [Communication Terms, Basic Terms, Social Terms]
Proto-Hick *pakata
pakupak /ˈpa.ku.pək/
tickle (noun) [Basic Terms, Physical Sensation]
Proto-Hick *pakupaku
pal /pal/
belly, center (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *palu
palmal /pal.mal/
deep pool (noun) [Natural World, Landforms, Water Features]
palmil /pal.mil/
belly fat (noun) [Food & Consumption Terms, Preparation Terms]
par /par/
crawl (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Terms]
*paru-heru
Shows semantic development from 'belly-motion' to general 'crawl'
parduwes /par.du.wes/
cavern, cave network (noun) — Originally 'worm-eaten,' extended to mean cave networks [Landforms, Mythological Terms]
Shows compound reduction of grapar-duwes to parduwes
parmatal /par.ma.tal/
library (noun) — Institutional term for book repository [Writing Terms, Building Terms]
Shows productive use of -tal for institutional locations
pel /pel/
bear (noun) [Animal Terms, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *pelu
pil /pil/
five (noun) [Number Terms, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *pilu
basic form
pir /pir/
ear (noun) [Body Parts, Perception Terms]
Proto-Hick *piru
pirlas /pir.las/
hearing (noun) [Body Parts, Perception Terms]
pirlas'er /pir.las.ʔer/
to hear (verb) — Passive perception verb using illative to mark reception of sound. Contrasts with active pir'er 'listen' [Perception Terms, Basic Terms]
pran /pran/
seven (noun) [Number Terms, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *pran-inu
counting form
rak /rak/
to break, shatter (verb) [Action Verbs, Destructive Actions]
Proto-Hick *raku
ran /ran/
stream, flowing water (noun) [Natural World, Water Features]
Proto-Hick *ranu
ranes /ra.nes/
river fish (noun) [Animal Terms, Maritime Terms]
ranris /ran.ris/
river reed (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms, Cultivated Plants]
rantirdu /ran.tir.du/
piracy, maritime raiding (noun) [Maritime Terms, Criminal Terms]
Reanalyzed from rantirduok without agentive -ok
rantirduok /ran.tir.du.ok/
pirate, maritime raider (noun) [Maritime Terms, Professional Terms]
Originally 'river raider', extended to all maritime thieves. Shows compound reduction of imtirduok.
rek /rek/
bark (of dog/wolf) (noun) — Basic term for canine vocalization [Sound Terms, Animal Terms]
Proto-Hick *reku
Shows onomatopoeic origin from sound of canine bark
ren /ren/
deer (noun) [Animal Terms]
Proto-Hick *renu
ret /ret/
arm (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *retu
ris /ris/
reed (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms]
rismater /ris.ma.ter/
reed-vessel (noun) [Maritime Terms]
riswad /ris.wad/
garden path (noun) [Path Terms, Garden Terms]
rok /rok/
horse (noun) — Shows elvish introduction of horses [Animals, Pastoral Terms]
ru /ru/
and (conjunction) [Conjunction]
sai /sai/
sense of self (noun) [Mental Terms, Sacred Terms]
inner voice (noun) [Mental Terms, Sacred Terms]
Shows folk etymology where kasai 'introspection' (< kasu-ai 'reflection-water') was reanalyzed as ka-sai leading to extraction of sai as independent term
sak /sak/
wolf (noun) [Animal Terms]
Proto-Hick *saku
sar /sar/
leaf (noun) [Flora Terms]
Proto-Hick *saru
saresp /sa.resp/
sprout (noun) [Flora Terms, Agricultural Terms]
Metaphorical extension of hidden leaf beneath; reflects cultural view of growth as emergence from concealment
sat /sat/
appendage; penis (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *satu
Basic term for appendages, with anatomical extension. Forms compounds for specific body parts.
saw /saw/
shit (noun) [Taboo Terms, Body Terms]
sed /sed/
seed (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms]
sedgral /sed.gral/
field (noun) [Plant Terms, Agricultural Terms]
sedok /se.dok/
planter, farmer (noun) [Agricultural Terms, Occupations]
sedter /sed.ter/
planting time (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms, Rituals, Seasonal Terms, Agricultural Terms]
sedthral /sed.θral/
planting day (noun) [Time Terms, Agricultural Terms]
sek /sek/
six (noun) [Number Terms]
Proto-Hick *seku
Basic form
sibar /si.bar/
distinguished one, unique person (noun) [Person Terms, Honor Terms, Social Terms]
Shows development of honorific from concept of unique naming
sibris /si.bris/
love (noun) [Abstract Concepts, Emotional Terms, Sacred Terms]
Proto-Hick *hibrisu
Metaphorical extension from 'fire' to 'passion/love'
sil /sil/
hide, skin (noun) [Body Parts, Material Terms]
Proto-Hick *silu
silpel /sil.pel/
hide bear (noun) [Animal Terms]
siltak /sil.tak/
physical pain (noun) [Body Terms, Sensation Terms]
siltak'er /sil.tak.ʔer/
to touch (verb) [Action Verbs, Sensation Terms]
sim /sim/
fine hair, lash (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *simu
sin /sin/
one (numeral) [Number System]
Proto-Hick *su-inu
From counting form with *-inu suffix
sin /sin/
floating (noun) [Motion Terms, Maritime Terms, Action Terms]
Proto-Hick *senu
sinas /si.nas/
drift, passage (noun) [Motion Terms, Maritime Terms, Abstract Concepts]
Proto-Hick *senu-asa-u
Literally 'floating through', shows typical compound reduction
sinibel /si.ni.bel/
taste (noun) — Shows metaphorical extension of floating motion to sensory perception [Taste Terms, Body Terms]
sinkres /sin.kres/
nine (numeral) [Number Terms]
sinthir /sin.θir/
fly (noun) [Animal Terms, Insect Terms]
stor /stor/
growth (noun) [Basic Terms]
addition, increment (noun) — Mathematical sense developed from basic meaning 'growth' [Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *storu
Base form preserved in sacred terms
storbran /stor.bran/
marriage, family union (noun) [Family Terms, Social Terms, Sacred Terms]
Shows formalization of marriage as union between family lines
sul /sul/
liver (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *sulu
sulmil /sul.mil/
liver fat (noun) [Food & Consumption Terms, Preparation Terms]
sumerok /su.me.rok/
goat (noun) — Shows compound reduction and metaphorical extension through agentive marking [Animals]
tag /tag/
hand (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Actions]
Proto-Hick *tagu
Forms verb tag'er 'to make'
tag'er /tag.ʔer/
to make, to craft (verb) [Basic Actions, Body Parts]
Shows concrete development from manual action to general creation. Contrasts with abstract 'ir'er 'to do'.
tagimris /tag.im.ris/
give (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Parts]
Shows common pattern of ellative case marking motion from hand. Contrasts with taglas 'take'.
taglas /tag.las/
take, receive (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Parts]
Shows common pattern of illative case marking motion into hand. Contrasts with tagimris 'give'.
tak /tak/
strike, impact (noun) [Basic Terms]
touch, contact (noun) [Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *taku
Onomatopoeic origin
takal /ta.kal/
word (noun) [Language Terms]
Metaphorical extension from takutakal, conceptualizing word as single unit of language rhythm.
takimer /ˈta.ki.mɛr/
echo (noun) [Sound Terms, Spirit Terms]
sound spirit (noun) [Sound Terms, Spirit Terms]
Reflects early animistic understanding of sound phenomena
takimris /ta.kim.ris/
to attack, to oppose (verb) [Action Terms, Conflict Terms]
Shows development of aggressive meaning through ellative case
takulambe /ta.ku.lam.be/
Common Elven (Sindarin-based lingua franca) (noun) [Language Terms]
Early Hick term for simplified Elven trade language. Shows development of inter-cultural communication
takutak /ta.ku.tak/
rhythm (noun) [Sound Terms, Musical Terms]
Proto-Hick *takutaku
Preserves onomatopoeic reduplication
takutakal /ta.ku.ta.kal/
language (noun) [Language Terms, Sound Terms]
Shows conceptual link between rhythm and language
takutek /ta.ku.tek/
rhythm (noun) [Musical Terms, Sound Terms]
Proto-Hick *takutaku
Preserves onomatopoeic reduplication
takuter /ta.ku.ter/
harmony, attunement (noun) [Basic Terms, Sacred Terms]
Shows reduction of reduplicated base through compound simplification
tal /tal/
place, location (noun) — Forms many location compounds [Spatial Terms, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *halu
Borrowed from Pre-Hick dialect where spatial meaning developed
tamin /ta.min/
forge, smithy (noun) — Borrowed technical term from Eldrim metalworking traditions [Construction Terms, Tool Terms, Borrowed Terms]
Direct borrowing of Quenya technical term for forge/smithy
tarul /ta.rul/
west (noun) — Derived from term for west wind [Directional Terms, Weather Terms]
Shows climatic influence on directional terms
tel /tel/
tail, end (noun) [Body Parts, Landscape Terms]
Proto-Hick *telu
temer /te.mer/
death (noun) [Spirit Terms, Sacred Terms]
Proto-Hick *telu-himeru
Literally 'end of life'
temerok /te.me.rok/
killer, murderer (noun) [Basic Terms, Social Terms]
predator (noun) [Animal Terms, Basic Terms]
Shows metaphorical formation 'death-bringer' for both human killers and predatory animals