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Early Hick Lexicon — by semantic field (page 3 of 13)

limur /li.mur/
small owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Animal Terms]
Triggers reduction in following syllables
mer /mer/
bird (noun) [Animals, Bird Terms]
parent (noun) — Extended meaning through cultural metaphor [Kinship Terms]
Proto-Hick *meru
murmer /mur.mer/
night-bird, owl (noun) [Birds, Animals, Nocturnal Animals]
night-bird, owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Animals]
night-bird, owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Animals]
night-bird, owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Animals]
thurmur /θur.mur/
dusk owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Terms]
Proto-Hick *thuru-muru-meru
Shows compound reduction
tomur /to.mur/
great owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Terms]
Shows liquid deletion and vowel reduction
venmer /ven.mer/
wing bird (noun) [Bird Terms, Animal Terms]
murmer /mur.mer/
night-bird, owl (noun) [Birds, Animals, Nocturnal Animals]
night-bird, owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Animals]
night-bird, owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Animals]
night-bird, owl (noun) [Bird Terms, Nocturnal Animals]
dakisa /da.ki.sa/
infatuation (noun) [Body Parts, Bodily Functions, Sacred Terms]
Proto-Hick *daluku-isa-hihasa
Literally "snake in the gut"; metaphorical extension for intense desire
murvinu /mur.vi.nu/
stillbirth (noun) [Body Terms, Bodily Functions, Sacred Terms]
Uses mur- 'darkness' metaphorically for death
murvinuiter /mur.vi.nu.i.ter/
abortion (noun) [Body Terms, Bodily Functions, Sacred Terms]
Uses ellative case to indicate 'from/out of stillbirth'
imlisitar /im.li.si.tar/
to flinch, startle (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Actions, Emotional Terms]
Uses superlative case to indicate sudden upward movement
'ilibris'er /ʔi.li.bris.ʔer/
(euphemistic) to make love, have sexual intercourse (verb) [Body Parts, Sacred Terms]
Euphemistic term derived from 'ilibris 'passion'. Shows cultural preference for metaphors of warmth/fire in intimate contexts.
bedek /be.dek/
tongue (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Terms]
Metaphorical compound
bel /bel/
mouth, opening (noun) [Body Parts, Maritime Terms, Architecture]
Proto-Hick *belu
Basic term for mouth/opening
belimris /be.lim.ris/
taste (active) (noun) [Body Parts, Case System, Sensory Terms]
Shows productive use of ellative case for active tasting
bellas /bel.las/
taste (reception) (noun) [Body Parts, Case System, Sensory Terms]
Shows productive use of illative case for reception of taste
brast /brast/
dominant arm (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *bara-satu
Specifically refers to dominant arm, contrasting with ret "arm (general)". Forms verb brast'er "to reach". Cultural link to tak "right (direction)"
brastok /bras.tok/
craftsman, artisan (noun) — General term for skilled manual craftworkers [Body Parts]
Shows cultural importance of manual craft skills
dakisa /da.ki.sa/
infatuation (noun) [Body Parts, Bodily Functions, Sacred Terms]
Proto-Hick *daluku-isa-hihasa
Literally "snake in the gut"; metaphorical extension for intense desire
dor /dor/
back, behind (noun) [Landscape Terms, Maritime Terms, Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *doru
Basic term for back/behind
dorgar /dor.gər/
spine (noun) [Body Parts]
impal /im.pal/
weakness, frailty (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Terms]
Source of adjective kaimpal "weak". Shows metaphorical extension of belly/gut health to general strength
kabrast /ka.brast/
skilled with hands, manually dexterous (adjective) — Specifically for craft skills requiring hand coordination; does not extend to martial or athletic dexterity [Body Parts]
Shows metaphorical extension to manual craft skills
kan /kan/
head (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *kanu
kanmil /kan.mil/
brain (noun) [Body Parts]
kar /kar/
nose (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *karu
kir /kir/
chest, body (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *kiru
kir'irur /kir.ʔi.rur/
ribcage (noun) — Shows parallel metaphorical extension with 'irurlis 'gourd/container' [Body Parts]
kirgar /kir.gər/
rib (noun) — Plural makirgar refers to full set of ribs [Body Parts]
kirmel /kir.mel/
chest fat (noun) [Body Parts, Food Terms]
kirpel /kir.pel/
chest hair (noun) [Body Parts]
kol /kol/
neck (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *kolu
kost /kost/
foot (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *kostu
krak /krak/
tooth (noun) — Forms verb krak'er 'to bite' [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *kraku
kran /kran/
horn, spike (noun) [Body Parts, Animal Terms]
Proto-Hick *kranu
kun /kun/
knee (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *kunu
lisbel /lis.bel/
face (noun) [Body Parts]
mar /mar/
blood, life-fluid; red (noun) [Body Parts, Colors]
Proto-Hick *maru
mil /mil/
tallow, animal fat (noun) [Body Parts, Food & Consumption Terms]
Proto-Hick *melu
pal /pal/
belly, center (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Terms]
Proto-Hick *palu
pir /pir/
ear (noun) [Body Parts, Perception Terms]
Proto-Hick *piru
pirlas /pir.las/
hearing (noun) [Body Parts, Perception Terms]
ret /ret/
arm (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *retu
sat /sat/
appendage; penis (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *satu
Basic term for appendages, with anatomical extension. Forms compounds for specific body parts.
sil /sil/
hide, skin (noun) [Body Parts, Material Terms]
Proto-Hick *silu
sim /sim/
fine hair, lash (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *simu
sul /sul/
liver (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *sulu
tag /tag/
hand (noun) [Body Parts, Basic Actions]
Proto-Hick *tagu
Forms verb tag'er 'to make'
tag'er /tag.ʔer/
to make, to craft (verb) [Basic Actions, Body Parts]
Shows concrete development from manual action to general creation. Contrasts with abstract 'ir'er 'to do'.
tagimris /tag.im.ris/
give (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Parts]
Shows common pattern of ellative case marking motion from hand. Contrasts with taglas 'take'.
taglas /tag.las/
take, receive (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Parts]
Shows common pattern of illative case marking motion into hand. Contrasts with tagimris 'give'.
tel /tel/
tail, end (noun) [Body Parts, Landscape Terms]
Proto-Hick *telu
thal /θal/
side, flank (noun) [Body Parts, Landscape Terms]
Proto-Hick *thalu
trask /trask/
leg (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *tarasaku
vinusam /vi.nu.sam/
shoulder (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *vinu xasamu
wak /wak/
breast (noun) [Body Parts]
Proto-Hick *waka
wak'ai /wak.ʔai/
milk (noun) [Body Parts, Food & Drink]
wak'eth /wak.ʔeθ/
to nurse (verb) [Body Parts, Basic Actions]
wakat /wa.kət/
nipple (noun) [Body Parts]
imbris /im.bris/
fever, harmful heat (noun) [Medical Terms, Body States, Illness Terms]
Shows productive use of im- prefix for negative conditions
'ibris /ʔib.ris/
breath (noun) — Often used in ritual contexts [Sacred Terms, Body Terms]
Shows sacred prefix with basic term for wind/breath
'ilsul /ʔil.sul/
happiness, joy (noun) — Often appears in well-wishing expressions [Emotional Terms, Body Terms]
Shows cultural conceptualization of liver as seat of emotions, particularly positive ones
'u'u /ʔu.ʔu/
cry, weep (in sorrow/pain) (verb) — Often reduplicated for continuous crying [Sound Terms, Emotion Terms, Body Terms]
Proto-Hick *'uhu-'uhu
Onomatopoeic origin from crying/sobbing sound
aiesp /ai.esp/
bathe (noun) — Basic term for immersion in water [Water Terms, Motion Terms, Body Terms]
Shows lexicalization of subessive case into basic verb stem
arsil /ar.sil/
open wound, cut (noun) [Medical Terms, Body Terms, Injury Terms]
bresubel /bre.su.bel/
shout, yell (verb) — Basic term for loud vocal expression [Sound Terms, Body Terms, Communication Terms]
Proto-Hick *bresu-belu
Shows typical compound formation with body part term
dudup /du.dup/
swollen muscle (noun) [Body Terms, Medical Terms]
gralimris /gra.lim.ris/
excrement (noun) [Medical Terms, Body Terms]
hahu /ha.hu/
laugh, laughter (noun) — Preserves original meaning through irregular sound change [Sound Terms, Emotion Terms, Body Terms]
Proto-Hick *hahu
Shows irregular sound change preserving original 'laugh' meaning while regular form *halu developed into 'good' (via hi-halu > 'il)
imbel /im.bel/
bad language, swear words (noun) [Speech Terms, Body Terms, Taboo Terms]
imeresp /i.me.resp/
sleep (noun) — Shows metaphorical extension of breath/spirit sinking [Spirit Terms, Body Terms]
imtirdu /im.tir.du/
rotting meat (noun) [Food Terms, Death Terms]
cadaver (noun) [Body Terms, Death Terms]
Shows semantic extension from rotting meat to cadaver. Contrasts with du for fresh meat
kandup /kan.dup/
head lump, bump on head (noun) [Body Terms, Medical Terms, Injury Terms]
kawak /ka.wak/
soft (adjective) — Shows cultural association between softness and nurturing [Tactile Properties, Body Terms]
krak'er /krak.ʔer/
to bite (verb) [Action Terms, Body Terms]
krakrak /kra.krak/
fang (noun) [Body Terms, Animal Terms]
Shows nasal deletion in compound. Forms specialized term contrasting with general krak 'tooth'
krantak /kran.tak/
to pierce, stab (verb, noun) [Basic Actions, Weapon Terms]
physical pain (verb, noun) [Body Terms, Physical States]
Shows instrumental compound formation - striking with a spike
merkran /mer.kran/
emotional pain, heartache (noun) [Emotional Terms, Body Terms]
Shows metaphorical conceptualization of emotional pain as heart-piercing
mes /mes/
heart (noun) [Body Terms, Sacred Terms, Emotional Terms]
Proto-Hick *mesu
mes'er /mes.ʔer/
to feel (emotion), experience emotion (verb) [Emotional Terms, Body Terms]
Shows cultural distinction between heart-based emotions and liver-based deeper feelings