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Early Hick Lexicon — by semantic field (page 4 of 13)

murlis /mur.lis/: night vision (noun) [Body Terms, Time Terms]

murvinu /mur.vi.nu/: stillbirth (noun) [Body Terms, Bodily Functions, Sacred Terms]; Uses mur- 'darkness' metaphorically for death

murvinuiter /mur.vi.nu.i.ter/: abortion (noun) [Body Terms, Bodily Functions, Sacred Terms]; Uses ellative case to indicate 'from/out of stillbirth'

par /par/: crawl (verb) [Motion Terms, Body Terms]; *paru-heru; Shows semantic development from 'belly-motion' to general 'crawl'

saw /saw/: shit (noun) [Taboo Terms, Body Terms]

siltak /sil.tak/: physical pain (noun) [Body Terms, Sensation Terms]

sinibel /si.ni.bel/: taste (noun) — Shows metaphorical extension of floating motion to sensory perception [Taste Terms, Body Terms]

ul /ul/: thumb (noun) [Body Terms, Basic Terms]; Proto-Hick *ʔulu; Original root (~800 PF) had meanings 'thumb/grasp/possession'. By Late Proto-Hick (~400 PF), bare form specialized to 'thumb/possession'. Source of possessive suffix -ul through grammaticalization.

vin /vin/: pregnancy (noun) [Body Terms, Sacred Terms]; Proto-Hick *venu; Maritime standard form. Inland dialects preserve venu-sedu > vinused

vinlas /vin.las/: fetus, unborn child (noun) [Person Terms, Body Terms, Life Stages]; Shows lexicalization of case marking spatial relationship

Borrowed Terms

edel /e.del/: Wood Elf (noun) — Used to refer to Wood Elves, showing early contact with Elvish peoples [Person Terms, Borrowed Terms]; Sindarin eðel + pre-Early Hick ʔal; Borrowed term for Wood Elves

ithiril /i.θi.ril/: Dark Elf (noun) [Person Terms, Borrowed Terms]; Borrowed term for Dark Elves

lik /lik/: dragon (noun) — Cultural borrowing showing Eldrim mythological influence [Mythological Terms, Borrowed Terms]; Shows semantic narrowing from general serpentine being to specific dragon concept

tamin /ta.min/: forge, smithy (noun) — Borrowed technical term from Eldrim metalworking traditions [Construction Terms, Tool Terms, Borrowed Terms]; Direct borrowing of Quenya technical term for forge/smithy

Building Terms

'ilistal /ʔi.lis.tal/: library (noun) — Place for storing and accessing knowledge [Learning Terms, Building Terms]; school (noun) — Place for formal instruction [Learning Terms, Building Terms]; Shows development of dedicated learning spaces

parmatal /par.ma.tal/: library (noun) — Institutional term for book repository [Writing Terms, Building Terms]; Shows productive use of -tal for institutional locations

Case System

belimris /be.lim.ris/: taste (active) (noun) [Body Parts, Case System, Sensory Terms]; Shows productive use of ellative case for active tasting

bellas /bel.las/: taste (reception) (noun) [Body Parts, Case System, Sensory Terms]; Shows productive use of illative case for reception of taste

Celestial Bodies

murkel /mur.kel/: night sky (noun) [Time Terms, Celestial Bodies]

Celestial Terms

kel /kel/: sky (noun) — Often used in compounds referring to celestial phenomena [Celestial Terms, Natural World]; blue (noun) — Derived from association with sky color [Colors]; leaf (noun) — Productive in botanical compounds [Flora, Plant Terms]; Proto-Hick *kelu; Shows semantic extension from 'leaf' to 'sky', possibly through metaphor of canopy

thurkel /θur.kel/: evening sky (noun) [Time Terms, Celestial Terms]

Character Terms

imasamok /i.ma.sa.mok/: coward (noun) [Person Terms, Character Terms]; Shows productive use of agentive suffix with compound base

Climate Terms

bressim /bres.sim/: weather (conditions) (noun) — Forms verb bressim'er "to change (of weather)" [Wind Terms, Climate Terms]; Shows lexicalization of translative case marking, conceptualizing weather as "becoming like wind"

Color Terms

arak /a.rak/: color (noun) — Forms compounds for specific colors [Color Terms, Visual Terms]; Proto-Hick *ʔaraku; Shows semantic shift from animate light to color

Colors

gra /gra/: grey (adjective) — Lost other meanings by Early Hick, making ka- prefix unnecessary [Colors, Basic Terms]; Proto-Hick *grau; Shows vowel sequence simplification

grakur /gra.kur/: grey copper (noun) [Metals, Colors]; Shows descriptive compound formation for metal types

kagral /ka.gral/: earthy, brown (adjective) [Colors, Basic Terms]

kel /kel/: sky (noun) — Often used in compounds referring to celestial phenomena [Celestial Terms, Natural World]; blue (noun) — Derived from association with sky color [Colors]; leaf (noun) — Productive in botanical compounds [Flora, Plant Terms]; Proto-Hick *kelu; Shows semantic extension from 'leaf' to 'sky', possibly through metaphor of canopy

mar /mar/: blood, life-fluid; red (noun) [Body Parts, Colors]; Proto-Hick *maru

thir /θir/: air, wind; white (noun) [Elements, Colors]; Proto-Hick *haru

Common Phrases

'imeritares /ʔi.me.ri.ta.res/: welcome; raised spirits (noun) [Common Phrases, Spirit Terms, Sacred Terms]; Dialectal loss of initial glottal allows reanalysis with imer 'breath/soul'

Communication Terms

bresubel /bre.su.bel/: shout, yell (verb) — Basic term for loud vocal expression [Sound Terms, Body Terms, Communication Terms]; Proto-Hick *bresu-belu; Shows typical compound formation with body part term

imerimris /i.me.rim.ris/: expression (noun) [Spirit Terms, Communication Terms]; Shows productive use of ellative case for outward expression

paket /pa.ket/: talk (noun) [Communication Terms, Basic Terms, Social Terms]; Proto-Hick *pakata

tenwa /ten.wa/: writing; spellcraft (noun) [Communication Terms, Sacred Terms, Magical Terms]; Eldrim tengwa; Shows semantic extension from basic writing to magical inscription

Conflict Terms

harabran /ha.ra.bran/: conflict, grievance (especially between families/clans) (noun) [Social Terms, Conflict Terms]; Shows cultural conceptualization of conflict as family/clan division

imwes /im.wes/: invade, encroach upon (verb) [Action Terms, Conflict Terms]; Shows productive use of im- prefix for harmful actions

takimris /ta.kim.ris/: to attack, to oppose (verb) [Action Terms, Conflict Terms]; Shows development of aggressive meaning through ellative case

Conjunction

ru /ru/: and (conjunction) [Conjunction]

Construction Terms

'it /ʔit/: knot (in wood) (noun) — Specifically refers to natural knots in wood/lumber [Construction Terms, Natural Features]; falsehood (noun) — Metaphorical extension from deviation in wood grain [Abstract Concepts]; Proto-Hick *xitu

arasaditar /a.ra.sa.di.tar/: table (noun) [Household Terms, Construction Terms]; Literally "elevated plank"

arasud /a.ra.sud/: plank, cut timber (noun) [Construction Terms, Wood Terms]; Proto-Hick *xarasa-wudu; Literally "cut-through wood"

asad /a.sad/: bridge (noun) — Shows typical development of infrastructure terms from natural materials [Infrastructure, Construction Terms]; Proto-Hick *hasa-wadu

brismal /bris.mal/: forge (native term) (noun) [Construction Terms, Tool Terms]

tamin /ta.min/: forge, smithy (noun) — Borrowed technical term from Eldrim metalworking traditions [Construction Terms, Tool Terms, Borrowed Terms]; Direct borrowing of Quenya technical term for forge/smithy

Craft Terms

kasgasam /kas.ga.sam/: polishing, lapping (noun) [Tool Terms, Craft Terms]; Refers to the final lapping stage to achieve a reflective surface

Criminal Terms

rantirdu /ran.tir.du/: piracy, maritime raiding (noun) [Maritime Terms, Criminal Terms]; Reanalyzed from rantirduok without agentive -ok

Cultivated Plants

malris /mal.ris/: water reed (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms, Cultivated Plants]

marwud /mar.wud/: red wood (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms, Timber Terms, Cultivated Plants]

ranris /ran.ris/: river reed (noun) [Flora, Plant Terms, Cultivated Plants]

Cultural Terms

'irurtak /ʔi.rur.tak/: cave art (noun) — Refers specifically to ritual or sacred cave paintings and markings [Sacred Terms, Art Terms, Cultural Terms]; Compound of sacred cave term with marking/impact

eldalulbres /el.da.lul.bres/: north wind (noun) — Replaced torulbres in most dialects after Eldrim contact [Weather Terms, Directional Terms, Cultural Terms]; Emerged after Eldrim conflicts, showing cultural trauma

toreldal /to.rel.dal/: High Elf (noun) — Shows cultural perception of High Elves through augmentative prefix [Peoples, Cultural Terms, Sacred Terms]; From first elven migration period, uses native augmentative to distinguish High Elves

Death Terms

imtirdu /im.tir.du/: rotting meat (noun) [Food Terms, Death Terms]; cadaver (noun) [Body Terms, Death Terms]; Shows semantic extension from rotting meat to cadaver. Contrasts with du for fresh meat

Demonstratives

-en /-en/: that (inanimate, visible, medial) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *ena

-eth /-eθ/: that (medial, inanimate, hidden, sensed) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *etha

-is /-is/: this (inanimate, sensed, proximal) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *isa

-rum /-rum/: that (animate, distant) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *ruma

-tan /-tan/: that (animate, visible, medial) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *tana

-thir /-θir/: that (medial, animate, sensed) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *thira

-um /-um/: that (inanimate, distant) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *uma

-ʔis /-ʔis/: this (animate, sensed, proximal) (suffix) [Demonstratives, Grammatical Terms]; Proto-Hick *ʔisa

Derivational Morphology

li /li/: diminutive prefix: small, lesser, young (lexinfo:Prefix) — Highly productive prefix forming diminutives and terms for smaller/lesser versions [Size Terms, Basic Terms, Derivational Morphology]; Proto-Hick *li; Ancient diminutive marker, preserved in many compounds

Destructive Actions

rak /rak/: to break, shatter (verb) [Action Verbs, Destructive Actions]; Proto-Hick *raku

Diplomatic Terms

'iltakutak /ʔil.ta.ku.tak/: good-rhythm, harmonious relationship (noun) — Used in diplomatic contexts. Forms verb 'iltakutak'er 'to make peace'. [Musical Terms, Diplomatic Terms]

Directional Terms

aitarulbres /ai.ta.rul.bres/: west wind (noun) — Primary term in coastal regions, associated with rainfall patterns [Weather Terms, Directional Terms, Maritime Terms]

eldalulbres /el.da.lul.bres/: north wind (noun) — Replaced torulbres in most dialects after Eldrim contact [Weather Terms, Directional Terms, Cultural Terms]; Emerged after Eldrim conflicts, showing cultural trauma

eldul /el.dul/: north (noun) — Derived from term for north wind [Directional Terms, Wind Terms]; Shows historical Eldrim influence on directional system

kethul /ke.θul/: east (noun) — Derived from term for east wind [Directional Terms, Maritime Terms]; Shows maritime influence on eastern regions

kethulbres /ke.θul.bres/: east wind (noun) — Common in eastern coastal regions [Weather Terms, Directional Terms, Maritime Terms]

tarul /ta.rul/: west (noun) — Derived from term for west wind [Directional Terms, Weather Terms]; Shows climatic influence on directional terms

thilul /θi.lul/: south (noun) — Derived from term for south wind [Directional Terms, Sacred Terms]; Shows cultural association of south with favorable omens

thilulbres /θi.lul.bres/: south wind (noun) — Associated with favorable weather and good fortune [Weather Terms, Directional Terms, Sacred Terms]

torulbres /to.rul.bres/: north wind (noun) — Original term for north wind, later often replaced by eldalulbres [Weather Terms, Directional Terms]

Distal

'akerum /ʔa.ke.rum/: how (unknown manner) (interrogative) [Interrogatives, Distal, Manner]; Proto-Hick *haka-er-um

'alum /ʔa.lum/: who (unknown person) (interrogative) [Interrogatives, Distal, Personal]; Proto-Hick *haka-al-um

'aterum /ʔa.te.rum/: when (unknown time) (interrogative) [Interrogatives, Distal, Temporal]; Proto-Hick *haka-ter-um

'atum /ʔa.tum/: where (unknown location) (interrogative) [Interrogatives, Distal, Spatial]; Proto-Hick *haka-tal-um

'etelum /ʔe.te.lum/: when (unknown time) (interrogative) [Interrogatives, Distal, Temporal]; Proto-Hick *haka-tel-um

Distance Terms

barakter /ba.rak.ter/: league (distance walkable in one hour, roughly 3-4 miles) (noun) — Often shortened to rakter in colloquial speech [Measurement Terms, Distance Terms, Time Terms]; Distance measure based on one hour's walking time. Shows temporal suffix used for distance measurement.